circadian rhythm

Medical Studies on Melatonin

Biological correlates of altered circadian rhythms, autonomic functions and sleep problems in autism spectrum disorder

2022-05 Dell'Osso L, Massoni L, Battaglini S, Cremone IM, Carmassi C, Carpita B

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a complex and multifaceted neurobehavioral syndrome. In the last decades, several studies highlighted an increased prevalence of sleep problems in ASD, which would be associated with autonomic system and circadian rhythm disruption.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Key Emphasis on Melatonin Safety and Therapeutic Efficacy

2021-07 Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Gil-Martín E, Egea J, Álvarez-Merz I, Painuli S, Semwal P, Martins N, Hernández-Guijo JM, Romero A

Viral infections constitute a tectonic convulsion in the normophysiology of the hosts. The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is not an exception, and therefore the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, like any other invading microbe, enacts a generalized immune response once the virus contacts the body.

Blood melatonin level can serve as a potential biomarker for prostate and hepatocellular carcinomas

2021-03 Sartorelli L, Neto RJ, Moscheta-Pinheiro M, de Castro T, Fernandes F, Silva R, Novais A, Chuffa LG, Reiter R, Zuccari DA

Many systemic functions display circadian rhythms driven by an endogenous mechanism that is regulated by circadian-related genes and these gene expressions control a central clock in the brain and subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues. However, modern life has introduced environmental factors that often interfere with natural circadian rhythms. Importantly, circadian disruption has been identified as an independent risk factor of cancers.

Melatonin: From Pharmacokinetics to Clinical Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021-02 Lalanne S, Fougerou-Leurent C, Anderson GM, Schroder CM, Nir T, Chokron S, Delorme R, Claustrat B, Bellissant E, Kermarrec S, Franco P, Denis L, Tordjman S

The role of melatonin has been extensively investigated in pathophysiological conditions, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Reduced melatonin secretion has been reported in ASD and led to many clinical trials using immediate-release and prolonged-release oral formulations of melatonin. However, melatonin’s effects in ASD and the choice of formulation type require further study.

Evening home lighting adversely impacts the circadian system and sleep

2020-11 Cain SW, McGlashan EM, Vidafar P, Mustafovska J, Curran SPN, Wang X, Mohamed A, Kalavally V, Phillips AJK

The regular rise and fall of the sun resulted in the development of 24-h rhythms in virtually all organisms. In an evolutionary heartbeat, humans have taken control of their light environment with electric light. Humans are highly sensitive to light, yet most people now use light until bedtime. We evaluated the impact of modern home lighting environments in relation to sleep and individual-level light sensitivity using a new wearable spectrophotometer.

Healthier rhythm, healthier brain? Integrity of circadian melatonin and temperature rhythms relates to the clinical state of brain-injured patients.

2019-08 Blume C, Angerer M, Raml M, Del Giudice R, Santhi N, Pichler G, Kunz AB, Scarpatetti M, Trinka E, Schabus M

Healthy circadian rhythmicity has been suggested to relate to a better state of brain-injured patients and to support the emergence of consciousness in patient groups characterized by a relative instability thereof such as patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC).

Pregnancy Induces an Earlier Chronotype in Both Mice and Women.

2019-06 Martin-Fairey CA, Zhao P, Wan L, Roenneberg T, Fay J, Ma X, McCarthy R, Jungheim ES, England SK, Herzog ED

Daily rhythms generated by endogenous circadian mechanisms and synchronized to the light-dark cycle have been implicated in the timing of birth in a wide variety of species. Although chronodisruption (e.g., shift work or clock gene mutations) is associated with poor reproductive outcomes, little is known about circadian timing during pregnancy.

The effect of prolonged-release melatonin on sleep measures and psychomotor performance in elderly patients with insomnia.

2009-09 Luthringer R, Muzet M, Zisapel N, Staner L

Objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of prolonged-release melatonin 2 mg (PRM) on sleep and subsequent daytime psychomotor performance in patients aged > or =55 years with primary insomnia, as defined by fourth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association.

Phase-dependent treatment of delayed sleep phase syndrome with melatonin.

2005-10 Mundey K, Benloucif S, Harsanyi K, Dubocovich ML, Zee PC

Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) is a circadian-rhythm sleep disorder characterized by abnormally late sleep and wake times. Melatonin, taken in the evening, advances sleep and circadian phase in patients with DSPS. However, little is known about the most effective dose or time of administration. In the present study, we tested the effectiveness of melatonin to advance the timing of sleep and circadian phase in individuals with DSPS.

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